Cenozoic uplift of the Tibetan Plateau:Evidence from the tectonic-sedimentary evolution of the western Qaidam Basin

作     者：Yadong Wang Jianjing Zheng Weilin Zhang Shiyuan Li Xingwang Liu Xin Yang Yuhu Liu 

作者机构：Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources Research Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Donggang WestRoad No. 382 Lanzhou 730000 China Center for Basin Resource and Environment Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Post Box 2871 BeilinNorth Street 18 Beijing 100085 China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChina Qinghai Oilfield Company Dunhuang 736202 China Exploration and Development Academy of Northeast Petroleum Branch China Petroleum ＆ Chemical Corporation Changchun 130061China 

出 版 物：《Geoscience Frontiers》 (地学前缘（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2012年第3卷第2期

页      面：175-187页

核心收录：

学科分类：070904[理学-构造地质学] 081803[工学-地质工程] 0709[理学-地质学] 07[理学] 08[工学] 0818[工学-地质资源与地质工程] 

基　　金：co-supposed by the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.KZCX2-EW-ON112) Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources Research of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.KFJJ2010-07) 

主　　题：Western Qaidam Basin Sedimentary facies Depositional depressionTectonic evolution Tibetan Plateau uplift 

摘      要：Geologists agree that the collision of the Indian and Asian plates caused uplift of the Tibet Plateau. However, controversy still exists regarding the modes and mechanisms of the Tibetan Plateau uplift. Geology has recorded this uplift well in the Qaidam Basin. This paper analyzes the tectonic and sedimentary evolution of the western Qaidam Basin using sub-surface seismic and drill data. The Cenozoic intensity and history of deformation in the Qaidam Basin have been reconstructed based on the tectonic developments, faults growth index, sedimentary facies variations, and the migration of the depositional depressions. The changes in the sedimentary facies show that lakes in the western Qaidam Basin had gone from inflow to still water deposition to withdrawal. Tectonic movements controlled deposition in various depressions, and the depressions gradually shifted southeastward. In addition, the morphology of the surface structures in the western Qaidam Basin shows that the Cenozoic tectonic movements controlled the evolution of the Basin and divided it into （a） the southern fault terrace zone, （b） a central Yingxiongling orogenic belt, and （c） the northern fold-thrust belt; divided by the XI fault （Youshi fault） and Youbei fault, respectively. The field data indicate that the western Qaidam Basin formed in a Cenozoic compressive tectonic environment caused by the India--Asia plate collision. Further, the Basin experienced two phases of intensive tectonic deformation. The first phase occurred during the Middle Eocene--Early Miocene （Xia Ganchaigou Fm. and Shang Ganchaigou Fro., 43.8- 22 Ma）, and peaked in the Early Oligocene （Upper Xia Ganchaigou Fro., 31.5 Ma）. The second phase occurred between the Middle Miocene and the Present （Shang Youshashan Fro. and Qigequan Fro., 14.9-0 Ma）, and was stronger than the first phase. The tectonic--sedimentary evolution and the orienta- tion of surface structures in the western Qaidam Basin resulted from the Tibetan Plateau uplift, and