Phylogeny and sex chromosome evolution of Palaeognathae

作     者：Zongji Wang Jilin Zhang Xiaoman Xu Christopher Witt Yuan Deng Guangji Chen Guanliang Meng Shaohong Feng Luohao Xu Tamas Szekely Guojie Zhang Qi Zhou Zongji Wang;Jilin Zhang;Xiaoman Xu;Christopher Witt;Yuan Deng;Guangji Chen;Guanliang Meng;Shaohong Feng;Luohao Xu;Tamas Szekely;Guojie Zhang;Qi Zhou

作者机构：MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell BiologyLife Sciences InstituteZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310058China Department of Neuroscience and Developmental BiologyUniversity of ViennaVienna 1090Austria Institute of Animal Sex and DevelopmentZhejiang Wanli UniversityNingboZhejiang 315100China BGI-ShenzhenBeishan Industrial ZoneShenzhen 518083China Department of Medical Biochemistry and BiophysicsKarolinska InstitutetSE-17177 StockholmSweden Department of Biology and the Museum of Southwestern BiologyUniversity of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNM 87131USA State Key Laboratory of BiocontrolDepartment of EcologySchool of Life SciencesSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510275China Milner Center for EvolutionDepartment of Biology and BiochemistryUniversity of BathBath BA17AYUK State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and EvolutionKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650223China Section for Ecology and EvolutionDepartment of BiologyUniversity of CopenhagenDK-2100 CopenhagenDenmark Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and GeneticsChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650223China Center for Reproductive MedicineThe 2nd Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310052China 

出 版 物：《Journal of Genetics and Genomics》 (遗传学报（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2022年第49卷第2期

页      面：109-119页

核心收录：

学科分类：0710[理学-生物学] 07[理学] 071002[理学-动物学] 

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32061130208, 32170415) the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (LD19C190001) the European Research Council Starting Grant (grant agreement 677696) supported by Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB31020000, XDB13000000) International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (152453KYSB20170002) Carlsberg foundation (CF16-0663) Villum Foundation (25900) 

主　　题：Paleognaths Sex chromosome evolution Comparative genomics Sexual selection 

摘      要：Many paleognaths(ratites and tinamous) have a pair of homomorphic ZW sex chromosomes in contrast to the highly differentiated sex chromosomes of most other birds. To understand the evolutionary causes for the different tempos of sex chromosome evolution, we produced female genomes of 12 paleognathous species and reconstructed the phylogeny and the evolutionary history of paleognathous sex *** uncovered that Palaeognathae sex chromosomes had undergone stepwise recombination suppression and formed a pattern of “evolutionary strata. Nine of the 15 studied species’ sex chromosomes have maintained homologous recombination in their long pseudoautosomal regions extending more than half of the entire chromosome length. We found that in the older strata, the W chromosome suffered more serious functional gene loss. Their homologous Z-linked regions, compared with other genomic regions, have produced an excess of species-specific autosomal duplicated genes that evolved female-specific expression, in contrast to their broadly expressed progenitors. We speculate such “defeminization of Z chromosome with underrepresentation of female-biased genes and slow divergence of sex chromosomes of paleognaths might be related to their distinctive mode of sexual selection targeting females rather than males, which evolved in their common ancestors.