The Safety of Cannabis Use in Pregnancy

作     者：Simona Senovaityte Alexander Nguyen Solhee Han Brenda La Faithful Anane-Asane Rouna Mohran Sterling Lee Anthony Monzon Omar Samara Derrick Murcia Shrey Purohit Simona Senovaityte;Alexander Nguyen;Solhee Han;Brenda La;Faithful Anane-Asane;Rouna Mohran;Sterling Lee;Anthony Monzon;Omar Samara;Derrick Murcia;Shrey Purohit

作者机构：University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora Colorado USA 

出 版 物：《Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology》 (妇产科期刊（英文）)

年 卷 期：2021年第11卷第11期

页      面：1437-1445页

学科分类：1002[医学-临床医学] 100211[医学-妇产科学] 10[医学] 

主　　题：Causality Preterm Deliveries Low-Birth Rates Stanford-Binet Scale Test Trimester Inequities 

摘      要：Based on self-reported surveys conducted by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, cannabis use in pregnant females has increased over the years. Despite the increasing trend, the relationship between cannabis use and fetal outcomes is not fully understood. This review paper evaluates the literature investigating the short-term and long-term fetal outcomes resulting from cannabis use during pregnancy. Additionally, the risk of chronic marijuana use leading to cannabis hyperemesis syndrome has been highlighted in this paper using conclusions compiled from several case studies. Several studies linked delayed mental growth and reduced cognitive function with prenatal cannabis use, but the literature was limited to lower-quality observational studies and could not establish causality. One systematic review investigated short-term outcomes of low birth rates and preterm deliveries, where marijuana use in conjunction with tobacco use was associated with more preterm deliveries. Another study found that six-year-old patients exposed to cannabis prenatally were more likely to score lower in different categories on the Stanford-Binet scale test, which measures intelligence. The exposure in the first, second, or third trimester was associated with lower composite or subcategory scores such as verbal reasoning or short-term memory. Despite these results, the studies evaluated had limitations. They could not establish a clear relationship between cannabis use and fetal outcomes, but the literature showed a similar pattern of health, social and economic inequities among the populations who self-reported cannabis and substance use and non-users. Current organization guidelines advise against the use of cannabis use during pregnan