Effective Mass Model Reduced to Ordinary Mass Using Newton’s, Quantum and Generalized Special Relativity
Effective Mass Model Reduced to Ordinary Mass Using Newton’s, Quantum and Generalized Special Relativity作者机构：Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Art (Dariah) Qassim University Almulid KSA Department of Physics and Mathematics Hantoub Faculty of Education Gezira University Hantoub Sudan Department of Physics Faculty of Science Sudan University of Science and Technology Khartoum Sudan
出 版 物：《Natural Science》 (自然科学期刊（英文）)
年 卷 期：2021年第13卷第9期
页 面：398-406页
学科分类：07[理学] 070201[理学-理论物理] 0702[理学-物理学]
主 题：Effective Mass Newton’s Second Quantum Momentum Generalized Special Relativity
摘 要：The concept of the effective mass in crystals shows that the electron mass is affected by the crystal field and was experimentally verified. A useful expression for effective mass was obtained. Unfortunately this expression showed that the effective mass vanishes in the ab-sence of the external field. This is in conflict with observations which show that it reduces to the ordinary mass. To cure this defect a new model is developed assuming the existence of vacuum force as verified experimentally as shown by Casimir effect. Using Newton’s second law and the quantum expression of momentum, useful expressions were found. The same expression was found using generalized special relativity. Strikingly the three models reduced to the conventional one in the absence of vacuum, they also reduced to the ordinary electron mass in the absence of all forces.
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