Potential role of an athlete-focused echocardiogram in sports eligibility
作者机构：DepartmentUniversity of Naples Federico IINaples 80131Italy Sport and Exercise Medicine DivisionDepartment of MedicineUniversity Hospital of PadovaPadova 35128Italy Department of NeuroscienceImaging and Clinical Sciences“G.d’Annunzio”University of Chieti-PescaraChieti 66100Italy Department of Clinical SciencesFaculty of MedicineLund UniversityClinical Research CenterMalmö21428Sweden Casa di Cura Villa SerenaPescara 65013Italy Unit of CardiologyDepartment of Translational Medical SciencesUniversity of Campania“Luigi Vanvitelli”Monaldi HospitalNaples 80131Italy Unit of Cardiology and Intensive Coronary Care“Umberto I”HospitalNocera Inferiore 84014Italy
出 版 物：《World Journal of Cardiology》 (世界心脏病学杂志（英文版）（电子版）)
年 卷 期：2021年第13卷第8期
页 面：271-297页
学科分类：0831[工学-生物医学工程（可授工学、理学、医学学位）] 1002[医学-临床医学] 08[工学] 10[医学]
主 题：Echocardiogram Athletes Sport eligibility Pre-participation screening Sudden cardiac death Sport cardiology
摘 要：Sudden cardiac death(SCD)of an athlete is a rare but tragic event and sport activity might play a trigger role in athletes with underlying structural or electrical heart diseases.Preparticipation screenings(PPs)have been conceived for the potential to prevent SCD in young athletes by early identification of cardiac diseases.The European Society of Cardiology protocol for PPs includes history collection,physical examination and baseline electrocardiogram,while further examinations are reserved to individuals with abnormalities at first-line evaluation.Nevertheless,transthoracic echocardiography has been hypothesized to have a primary role in the PPs.This review aims to describe how to approach an athlete-focused echocardiogram,highlighting what is crucial to focus on for the different diseases(cardiomyopathies,valvulopathies,congenital heart disease,myocarditis and pericarditis)and when is needed to pay attention to overlap diagnostic zone(“grey zone)with the athlete s heart.Once properly tested,focused echocardiography by sports medicine physicians may become standard practice in larger screening practices,potentially available during first-line evaluation.
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