Oligodendrocyte pathology in fetal alcohol spectrum disorders

作     者：Nune Darbinian Michael E.Selzer 

作者机构：Center for Neural Repair and Rehabilitation(Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center)Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA 

出 版 物：《Neural Regeneration Research》 (中国神经再生研究（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2022年第17卷第3期

页      面：497-502页

核心收录：

学科分类：1002[医学-临床医学] 100211[医学-妇产科学] 10[医学] 

基　　金：supported by NIH grants R01NS97846,R01NS097846-02S1 and R01NS092876 awarded to MES Shriners research grant SHC-85400 awarded to MES USA Pennsylvania State Department grant Project 10:420491-04400-02 to ND 

主　　题：alcohol development dysmyelination ethanol fetal alcohol syndrome fetal brain myelin basic protein neurodegeneration oligodendrocyte injury oligodendrocyte precursor cells 

摘      要：The pathology of fetal alcohol syndrome and the less severe fetal alcohol spectrum disorders includes brain *** studies have shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying these white matter *** models of fetal alcohol syndrome and human studies have shown suppressed oligodendrocyte differentiation and apoptosis of oligodendrocyte precursor *** exposure led to reduced expression of myelin basic protein and delayed myelin basic protein expression in rat and mouse models of fetal alcohol syndrome and in human histopathological *** studies have reported increased expression of many chemokines in dysmyelinating disorders in central nervous system,including multiple sclerosis and fetal alcohol *** ethanol exposure reduced levels of the neuroprotective insulin-like growth factor-1 in fetal and maternal sheep and in human fetal brain tissues,while ethanol increased the expression of tumor necrosis factor α in mouse and human *** matter lesions have been induced in the developing sheep brain by alcohol exposure in early *** fetal alcohol syndrome models have shown reduced axon diameters,with thinner myelin sheaths,as well as reduced numbers of oligodendrocytes,which were also morphologically aberrant *** of markers for mature myelination,including myelin basic protein,also were *** accumulating knowledge concerning the mechanisms of ethanol-induced dysmyelination could lead to the development of strategies to prevent dysmyelination in children exposed to ethanol during fetal *** studies using fetal oligodendrocyte-and oligodendrocyte precursor cell-derived exosomes isolated from the mother s blood may identify biomarkers for fetal alcohol syndrome and even implicate epigenetic changes in early development that affect oligodendrocyte precursor cell and oligodendrocyte function in *** combining various imaging modalities with mo