The application of nanoparticles in cancer immunotherapy:Targeting tumor microenvironment
作者机构：Department of OphthalmologyShanghai Ninth People’s HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular OncologyShanghai200011China
出 版 物：《Bioactive Materials》 (生物活性材料（英文）)
年 卷 期：2021年第6卷第7期
页 面：1973-1987页
核心收录：
学科分类：0710[理学-生物学] 0831[工学-生物医学工程（可授工学、理学、医学学位）] 1002[医学-临床医学] 0805[工学-材料科学与工程（可授工学、理学学位）] 100214[医学-肿瘤学] 0836[工学-生物工程] 10[医学]
基 金：This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development program of China(Grant number 2018YFC1106100,2018YFC1106101) the project was also funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant number 81930024,81770974) the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai(Grant Number 17DZ2260100).
主 题：Nanoparticles Tumor microenvironment Cancer immunotherapy Hypoxia
摘 要：The tumor development and metastasis are closely related to the structure and function of the tumor microenvironment(TME).Recently,TME modulation strategies have attracted much attention in cancer immunotherapy.Despite the preliminary success of immunotherapeutic agents,their therapeutic effects have been restricted by the limited retention time of drugs in TME.Compared with traditional delivery systems,nanoparticles with unique physical properties and elaborate design can efficiently penetrate TME and specifically deliver to the major components in TME.In this review,we briefly introduce the substitutes of TME including dendritic cells,macrophages,fibroblasts,tumor vasculature,tumor-draining lymph nodes and hypoxic state,then review various nanoparticles targeting these components and their applications in tumor therapy.In addition,nanoparticles could be combined with other therapies,including chemotherapy,radiotherapy,and photodynamic therapy,however,the nanoplatform delivery system may not be effective in all types of tumors due to the heterogeneity of different tumors and individuals.The changes of TME at various stages during tumor development are required to be further elucidated so that more individualized nanoplatforms could be designed.
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