Lignin-based carbon fibers: Formation, modification and potential applications

作     者：Shichao Wang Jixing Bai Mugaanire Tendo Innocent Qianqian Wang Hengxue Xiang Jianguo Tang Meifang Zhu Shichao Wang;Jixing Bai;Mugaanire Tendo Innocent;Qianqian Wang;Hengxue Xiang;Jianguo Tang;Meifang Zhu

作者机构：Institute of Hybrid MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringQingdao UniversityQingdao266071China State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai201620China 

出 版 物：《Green Energy & Environment》 (绿色能源与环境（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2022年第7卷第4期

页      面：578-605页

核心收录：

学科分类：083002[工学-环境工程] 0830[工学-环境科学与工程（可授工学、理学、农学学位）] 08[工学] 

基　　金：supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (51903128) Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China (ZR2018BEM028) Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(2017-01-07-00-03-E00055) China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2018M632620) Open Project of State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials,Donghua University,China Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles,Qingdao University,China 

主　　题：Lignin-based carbon fiber Melt spinning Solution spinning Electrospinning 

摘      要：As an aromatic polymer in nature, lignin has recently attracted gross attention because of its advantages of high carbon content, low cost and bio-renewability. However, most lignin is directly burnt for power generation to satisfy the energy demand of the pulp mills. As a result, only a handful of isolated lignin is used as a raw material. Thus, increasing value addition on lignin to expand its scope of applications is currently a challenge demanding immediate attention. Many efforts have been made in the valorization of lignin, including the preparation of precursors for carbon fibers. However, its complex structure and diversity significantly restrict the spinnability of lignin. In this review, we provide elaborate knowledge on the preparation of lignin-based carbon fibers ranging from the relationships among chemical structures, formation conditions and properties of fibers, to their potential applications. Specifically, control procedures for different spinning methods of lignin, including melt spinning, solution spinning and electrospinning, together with stabilization and carbonization are deeply discussed to provide an overall understanding towards the formation of lignin-based carbon fibers. We also offer perspectives on the challenges and new directions for future development of lignin-based carbon fibers.