Neurological diseases caused by coronavirus infection of the respiratory airways

作     者：Waqas Ahmed Adeel Khan Wish Hal Sundar Humaira Naseem Wanghao Chen Jia Feng Samran Durrani Lukui Chen Waqas Ahmed;Adeel Khan;Wish Hal Sundar;Humaira Naseem;Wanghao Chen;Jia Feng;Samran Durrani;Lukui Chen

作者机构：Department of NeurosurgeryNeuroscience CenterCancer CenterIntegrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510310GuangdongChina School of MedicineSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210009JiangsuChina School of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210009JiangsuChina Department of MedicineDow University of Health SciencesKarachiSindhPakistan Department of General SurgeryAllied Hospital FaisalabadPunjabPakistan 

出 版 物：《Brain Science Advances》 (神经科学（英文）)

年 卷 期：2020年第6卷第4期

页      面：324-343页

学科分类：1004[医学-公共卫生与预防医学(可授医学、理学学位)] 1002[医学-临床医学] 100401[医学-流行病与卫生统计学] 100204[医学-神经病学] 10[医学] 

基　　金：financial support from the National Nature Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81671819) 

主　　题：human coronavirus respiratory viral infection neuroinvasion CNS infection neurological diseases COVID-19 

摘      要：Infections of the central nervous system(CNS)infections are critical problems for public health.They are caused by several different organisms,including the respiratory coronaviruses(Co Vs).Co Vs usually infect the upper respiratory tract causing the common cold.However,in infants,and in elderly and immunocompromised persons,they can also affect the lower respiratory tract causing pneumonia and various syndromes of respiratory distress.Co Vs also have neuroinvasive capabilities because they can spread from the respiratory tract to the CNS.Once infection begins in the CNS cells,it can cause various CNS problems such as status epilepticus,encephalitis,and long-term neurological disease.This neuroinvasive properties of Co Vs may damage the CNS as a result of misdirected host immune response,which could be associated with autoimmunity in susceptible individuals(virus-induced neuro-immunopathology)or associated with viral replication directly causing damage to the CNS cells(virus-induced neuropathology).In December 2019,a new disease named COVID-19 emerged which is caused by Co Vs.The significant clinical symptoms of COVID-19 are related to the respiratory system,but they can also affect the CNS,causing acute cerebrovascular and intracranial infections.We describe the possible invasion routes of coronavirus in this review article,and look for the most recent findings associated with the neurological complications in the recently published literature.