Characteristics and mechanism of vertical coupling in the genesis of tropical cyclone Durian(2001)

作     者：Wenlong ZHANG Xiaopeng CUI Jianxi DONG Wenlong ZHANG;Xiaopeng CUI;Jianxi DONG

作者机构：Institute of Urban MeteorologyChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing100089China Key Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Severe StormsInstitute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China National Marine Environmental Forecasting CenterBeijing100081China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological DisastersNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China 

出 版 物：《Science China Earth Sciences》 (中国科学（地球科学英文版）)

年 卷 期：2021年第64卷第3期

页      面：440-457页

核心收录：

学科分类：07[理学] 070601[理学-气象学] 0706[理学-大气科学] 

基　　金：the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2015CB452804) the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41475051) 

主　　题：Genesis of tropical cyclones Vertical coupling Vortical hot tower Axisymmetric distribution Barotropic instability 

摘      要：The vertical coupling(VC)process and mechanism during the genesis of a tropical cyclone(TC)implied by the weak vertical shear of horizontal wind,one of the key factors impacting TC genesis,constitute important but unanswered fundamental scientific *** paper carried out a targeted investigation of this problem through numerical simulation and theoretical *** main conclusions are as *** if TC genesis occurs in a barotropic environment,a VC process still occurs between the trough(vortex)at the middle level and that at the lower level in the TC embryo *** mainly occurs at the tropical disturbance(TDS)*** after the VC is accomplished can the tropical depression(TD)organize further by itself and develop into the tropical storm(TS)stage or the stronger tropical typhoon(TY)stage through the WISHE(wind-induced surface heat exchange)*** the VC process,vortical hot towers(VHTs)play vertical connecting roles and are the actual practitioners of the *** the VHTs’vertical connections,the middle-and lower-troposphere trough axes move towards each other and realize the *** can produce intensive cyclonic vorticity in the lower troposphere,which is mainly contributed by the stretching *** tilting term can produce a single dipole or double dipole of vorticity,but the positive and negative vorticity pairs offset each other *** the stretching term ensures that the cyclonic rotations of the wind field in the middle and lower levels tend to be consistent,the tilting term acts to uniformly distribute the horizontal wind in the vertical direction,and both terms facilitate the VC of the wind *** the latent heat of condensation,VHTs heat the upper and middle troposphere so that the 352 K equivalent potential temperature contour penetrates vertically into the 925–300 hPa layer,realizing the VC of the temperature *** forming cloud towers,VHTs make the ambient air become moist and nearly saturated so that the