Olfactory receptor gene evolution is unusually rapid across Tetrapoda and outpaces chemosensory phenotypic change

作     者：Laurel R.Yohe Matteo Fabbri Michael Hanson Bhart-Anjan S.Bhullar Laurel R.YOHE;Matteo FABBRI;Michael HANSON;Bhart-Anian S.BHULLAR

作者机构：Department of Earth&Planetary SciencePeabody Museum of Natural HistoryYale UniversityNew HavenCT06511USA 

出 版 物：《Current Zoology》 (动物学报（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2020年第66卷第5期

页      面：505-514页

核心收录：

学科分类：0710[理学-生物学] 07[理学] 071002[理学-动物学] 

基　　金：L.R.Y.was supported by the National Science Foundation Postdoctoral Research Fellowship in Biology(NSF-DBI 1812035)and the Linnean Society of London and the Systematics Association Systematics Research Fund.M.H.was supported by the Yale Institute for Biospheric Studies Small Grants Program Doctoral Pilot Award.B.A.S.B.was supported by Yale University and the Yale Institute for Biospheric Studies 

主　　题：chemosensation diversifying selection olfaction olfactory bulb olfactory receptor tetrapod 

摘      要：Chemosensation is the most ubiquitous sense in animals,enacted by the products of complex gene families that detect environmental chemical cues and larger-scale sensory structures that process these *** there is a general conception that olfactory receptor(OR)genes evolve rapidly,the universality of this phenomenon across vertebrates,and its magnitude,are *** supposed correlation between molecular rates of chemosensory evolution and phenotypic diversity of chemosensory systems is largely *** combine comparative genomics and sensory morphology to test whether OR genes and olfactory phenotypic traits evolve at faster rates than other genes or *** published genomes,we identified ORs in 21 tetrapods,including amphibia ns,reptiles,birds,and mammals and compared their rates of evolution to those of orthologous non-OR protein-coding *** found that,for all clades investigated,most OR genes evolve nearly an order of magnitude faster than other protein-coding genes,with many OR genes showing signatures of diversifying selection across nearly all taxa in this *** rapid rate of evolution suggests that chemoreceptor genes are in evolutionary overdrive,perhaps evolving in response to the ever-changing chemical space of the *** obtain complementary morphological data,we stained whole fixed specimens with iodine,μCT-scanned the specimens,and digitally segmented chemosensory and nonchemosensory brain *** then estimated phenotypic variation within traits and among *** we found considerable variation in chemosensory structures,they were no more diverse than nonchemosensory *** suggest chemoreceptor genes evolve quickly in reflection of an ever-changing chemical space,whereas chemosensory phe no types and processing regions are more conserved because they use a standardized or constrained architecture to receive and process a range of chemical cues.